Photographic objective comprising two dispersive meniscus components enclosed by twocollective components



SEARCH Room OR 2 1777 M Jan. 15, 1957 J. BERGER EI'AL PHOTOGRAPHICOBJECTIVE COMPRISING TWO DISPERSIVE MENISCUS COMPONENTS ENCLOSED BY TWOCOLLECTIVE COMPONENTS Filed March 10, 1954 2 Sheets-Shqet 1 K 2 d 4H-Jan. 15, 1957 J. BERGER ETAL I 7,

PHOTOGRAPHIC OBJECTIVE COMPRISING TWO DISPERSIVE MENISCUS COMPONENTSENCLOSED BY Two COLLECTIVE COMPONENTS Filed March 10, 1954 2Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent PHOTOGRAPHIC OBJECTIVE COMPRISINGTWO DISPERSIVE MENISCUS COMPONENTS EN- CLOSED BY TWO COLLECTIVECOMPONENTS Johannes Berger, Heidenheim (Brenz), and Giinther Lange,Konigsbronn, Germany, assignors to Carl Zeiss, Heidenheim (Brenz),Germany Application March 10, 1954, Serial No. 415,222

Claims priority, application Germany March 17, 1953 5 Claims. CI. 8857)The present invention concerns photographic objectives,

especially such with a relative aperture of 1:4 and greater, with anover-all length greater than 40% of the focal length, consisting of fourcomponents, namely of a collective meniscus-shaped front component, twolikewise meniscus-shaped divergent components, which surround thediaphragm, whereby the surfaces of these components bounding thediaphragm space turn their concave sides towards one another, and of acollective rear component.

In accordance with the invention an improvement of objectives of thiskind of construction is achieved thereby, that the following limitationsare simultaneously fulfilled:

wherein:

Ds=the axial distance between the converging surfaces of the twomeniscus dispersive components, and

E=the arithmetic mean of the absolute values of the radii of thesesurfaces, and

D==the vertex distances of the surfaces bounding the diaphragm space,and

rv=the radius of the surfaces bounding the diaphragm space on the objectside, and

r1t=the radius of the surfaces bounding the diaphragm space on the imageside, and

rz=the arithmetic mean of the absolute amounts of the radii (rv and re)of these surfaces,

L=the overall length of the objective, and

d =the midthickness of the dispersive component arranged at the objectside of the diaphragm space, and

d =the midthickness of the dispersive component arranged at the imageside of the diaphragm space.

Accordingly to a further embodiment of the invention the refractiveindex or n-value of the divergent lens in the divergent meniscus-shapedcomponent following the diaphragm space, either is made greater than then-value of the divergent lens in the divergent meniscus-shaped componentin front of the diaphragm space, or greater than the arithmetic mean ofthe n-values of the divergent 2,777,362 Patented Jan. 15, 1957 of thediaphragm space and of the convergent lens in the meniscus-shapeddivergent component following the diaphragm.

Through the application of these measures in accordance with theinvention a reduction of the spherical overcorrection of the obliquepencils is attained, which was disturbing in older objectives of similarconstruction. Also in an objective constructed in accordance with theinvention, the Petzval sum can be selected relatively small andtherewith a good flattening of the image field obtained, withoutsuffering losses in respect to the attainable image angle. In regard tothe Petzval sum one obtains, as is known particularly favorableobjectives, if one employs in the two collective outer elements, glasseswith an n-value as high as possible, e. g. of more than 1.64. For thecase that one provides a cemented surface in one or both of these outerelements, glasses with an n-value as high as possible are employed inthe collective elements of these components.

Figures 1 and 2 show two execution forms of objectives in accordancewith the invention are represented in section in'the accompanyingillustrations, while in the tables presented in the following, numericalvalues are specified for four examples of objectives constructed inaccordance with the invention. Thereby Fig. 1, corresponds to theexcution forms in accordance with Examples I, II, and III, while ExampleIV is represented graphically inFig. 2.

In the illustrations and in the examples are designated with r=the radiiof the refracting surfaces, with d=the thicknesses of the elements, witha; b; c=the axial separa- 7 amounts to f= units, and the relativeaperture 1:2,

the available image angle i24.

' The amounts of the Petzval sums for all examples presented inthefollowing lie about at A3). Such values are to be considered asrelatively small for objectives with image angles of :24 and a relativeaperture of 1:2.

Upon employing the objectives according, to the present invention asphotographic picture taking objectives by the 7 Example I (Fig. 1)

Thlcknesses Refractive Abbe Lenses Radii and index 12.; numdistances herv4 r 63.1703 L1 'd1 6. 505 1. 69100 54. 8

a 0.191 r; 36.0372 15 di=13. 1. 62230 53.1

n =--255.126 L d 1. 722 1.57501 41.3

(2 =26. 976 26.6395 L4. di= 1.913. 1.63980 34.6

n =+122.4e5 L d =11. 671 1. 61720 54. 0

Example ll (Fig. 1

Thlcknesses Refractive Abbe Lenses Radii and index m numdistances her wen 63.2269 L d 6. 511 1. 69100 54.8

di=13. 117 1. 62230 53. 1 n =307. 900

da= 1.723 1.57501 41.3 r. 23.7623

=26. 809 r 27.0483 L4 di= 1. 915 1. 69895 30. 1

r =+122.574 Ls d =11. 490 1. 66755 41. 9

f0 a: L5 d0= 7. 660 1. 71700 47. 9

Example 111 (Fig. 1)

Thicknesses Refractive Abbe Lenses Radii and index 11 numdistances herr4 d4= 1.912 1.69895 30.1 T1 =+1608. 80 l 0 0. 191 n =3760. 62 L d0= 6.501 1.69100 54.8

Example IV (Fig. 2)

Thlcknesses Refractive Abbe Lenses Radli and index 'na numdlstances hera n=+ 61. 2136 L d 6. 488 1. 69100 54.8

' ai -7 0.101 7': 35. 9409 L, d,= 12. 91s 1. 60881 58. 9

0 =27. 858 r0 26. 5683 L4 d 1.908 1.67270 32.2

n =354. 276 L5 d =11. 067 1. 66672 48. 4

c 0.191 n =+1239.08 I L0 do: 7.060 1.69100 54.8

We claim:

1. A photographic objective lens system comprising two meniscusdispersive components with their concave exterior surfaces facing oneanothenanwl hng between them a draphragng smd d1s ersive compon c nsbeing arrange btween two collective compohe 'fits, a sat componentsbeing axially aligned and air separated from each other, the saiddispersive components each comprising a collective lens element and adispersive lens element the collective elements of said dispersivecomponents being arranged between their respective dispersive elementsand the adjacent collective components, wherein the average value of theAbbe 11 numbers of the dispersive lens elements of said dispersivecomponents is greater than that of their collective elements, one of thecollective components having exterior surfaces of different curvatureand being arranged as front component with its more stronglycurvedsurface facing outwards, and the following limitations beingsimultaneously fulfilled:

0.5-f D, 0.7-f 1.47, (D, 2.01"',

Ds=the axial distance between the converging surfaces of the twomeniscus dispersive components, and

ra=the arithmetic mean of the absolute values of the radii of thesesurfaces, and

D2=the vertex distances of the surfaces bounding the diaphragm space,and

r0=the radius of the surfaces bounding the diaphragm space on the objectside, and

rh=the radius of the surfaces bounding the diaphragm space on the imageside, and

r2=the arithmetic mean of the absolute amounts of the radii (rv and n.)of these surfaces,

L=the overall length of the objective, and

d =the midthickness of the dispersive component arranged atthe objectside of the diaphragm space, and

d =the midthickness of the dispersive component arranged'at the imageside of the diaphragm space,

and the mean refractive index of the dispersive lens ele ment in thedispersive component located at the image side of the diaphragm spacebeinggreater than the mean refractive index of the dispersive lenselement of the dispersive component located at the object side of thediaphragm space, and likewise greater than the arithmetic mean of therefractive indices of the dispersive lens element of the dispersive lenscomponent located at the object side and the collective element of thedispersive component located at the image side of the diaphragm space.

2. A photographic objective lens system, according to claim 1, in whichthe power of refractions (An/ r) deviate eachfor at the most :OS/f'andthe lens thicknesses (d) and the air distances (a; b; 0) each for at themost :QOS- f from the numerical data as set forth in the followingtable:

. Thicknesses Lenses Radtl and Dis- 'Ild va An/r I til-H068 n=+0.631702- +1. 093868]! L1 f d1=0.06505-f 1.69100 54.8

n=+1. 470600 -0. 467967/1' +0 36037 f Hamlin-f +1 726827/f rs= 2- L.-.a.=0.1s-f 1.62230 53.1

n= -2. 551260-1' +0. 018536/f L. da=0.01722-f 1.57501 41.3

rs=+0.234024-f 2.457066/f b=0.26976-f f6 -0. 266395-f -2. 401697/f L4d.=o.0101a 1.63980 34.6

r =+1.224650-f -0.018454/f L1 di=0.11671-f 1.61720 (54.0

rs=0.355226-f +1. 737485/f c=0.00191-f cc =|=0.00000/f 1.. d=0.09183J1.71700 47.0

f10=0.622673-f /f where:

a 5 L1, L2 are the lens elements r1, r2 the radii d1, d2 the thicknessesa, b, c the air distances 6 where:

L1, L2 are the lens elements r1, r2 the radii d1, d2 the thicknesses a,b, c the air distances n the refractive indices and v the Abbe numbers 5f the focal length of the objective. 7

5. A photographic objective lens system, according to claim 1, in whichthe power of refractions (An/r) deviate each for at the most :0.5/f andthe lens thicknesses (d) and the air distances (a; b; each for at themost 10.054 from the numerical data as set forth in the following table:

Thlclmesses Lenses Radli and Dis- 7111 v.1 An/r tauces 3 1 L n +061 ofd1=0.06488-f 169100 54.8 +1 128834 n= +1.41o420-j -0.4s9925/ r +0 35940900191! +1 693920 L,.- a a,=0.12918- 1.60881 58.9

'r4= 4.271650-f +0. 009713 L d1=0. 01717-1 1. 56732 42.8

b=0.27858-f n= 0. 265683/1' -2.531965/f L4 d1=0.0190s 1. 67270 32.2

r 3.542760-f +0. 001688/f L, 0 4239f d =0.11067-f 1.66672 48.4 +1 936794Th 12 390800 0019 0055767/ L, d6=0.070B0J 1.69100 54.8 f r1u=-0.691799-f +0.998845-f where:

L1, L2 are the lens elements r1, r2 the radii d1, d2 the thicknesses a,b, c the air distances n the refractive indices and 2d the Abbe numbersf the focal length of the objective.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS583,336 Rudolph May 25, 1897' 1,786,916 Merte Dec. 30, 1930 2,117,252Lee May 10, 1938 2,391,209 Warmisham Dec. 18, 1945 2,645,975 ,Ito July21, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 507,590 Great Britain June 19, 1939 nd therefractive indices and 5 the Abbe numbers f is the focal length of theobjective.

3. A photographic objective lens system, according to claim 1, in whichthe power of refractions (An/ r) deviate each for at the most :QS/f andthe lens thicknesses (d) and the air distances (a; b; c) each for at themost 10.051 from the numerical data as set forth in the following table:

Thlcknesses Lenses Radii and Dis- 7111 Id An/r tances r 0. 632269-1.092889 L 1 f d1=0.06511-j 1.69100 54.8 U

r =+1.521080-f -0.454282/f a=0. 00191- r1=+0. 365942] +1. 700543/f L1d1=0. 13117 1. 62230 53.1

r4= 3. 079000] +0. 015359,! L1 da=0.01723-f 1.57501 41.3

r5=+0. 237623-] 2. 419841/ b=0.26809J n= -0. 2704834 -2. 584081/1 L1d4=0. 01915-1 1.69895 30.1

r =+1. 2257404 --0. 025617/]' L d1=0.11490-j 1.66755 41.9

c =0. 00191-1 n= m =1=0.000000// LOU-L---- 1 d5=0.07660-f 1.71700 47.9

where: L1, L2 are the lens elements r1, r2 the radii d1, d2 thethicknesses a, b, c the air distances n the refractive indices and v theAbbe numbers f the focal length of the objective.

4. A photographic objective lens system, according to claim 1, in whichthe power of refractions (An/r) deviate each for at the most :05/1 andthe lens thicknesses (d) 'and the air distances (a; b; c) each for atthe most 1005- f from the numerical data as set forth in the followingtable:

Thlclmesses Lenses Radli and Dis- 716 vs An/r tances 0.013404 1.126501L1 n f d1=0.06501-f 1.69100 54.8 If n= +1.393160-f 7 0.495995/f +0355010 +1 725928 1 L, nd1=0. 12945 1.61272 58.6

n= --6.591790-f +0.006887/f L; d8=0.01721-f 1.50732 42.8

1 b=0.27916f n= 0.264322-f -2. 044313/1 L4 16 088000 d4=0. 01912-11.69895 30.1 +0 000161 L5 T1 'f d =0.10899'j 1.70154 41.1

c=0.00191-/ n=-37. 606200! -0. 018375]! L.- d.=0.06501-1 1. 69100 54.8

